Regular intervals

(Tsuchida)

Totality

- 180° panorama

- 360° (Kircher)

- 40th parallel (O'Sullivan)

- Exoskeleton (Baldus)

+ 3-D

- Stereoscopy

- Anaglyphs etc.

- Stereostenopanoranamorphose (Gila)

- Stand-up (P.E.)

- Spring-loaded (P.E.)

- Photo-Base-Relief (P.Day)

Composite

- Portraits (Galton)

Classical unity of space

Circular

- x ⊂ y ⊂ z (x=z) (Michals)

- “3 cows” (P.E.)

- “Photographic Table” (Gila)

Mis en abyme

- Portrait with portrait (Anon.)

- ϕ of ϕ (P.E., Gila et al.)

Partial. Angle of vision

- Vertical (Bauhaus et al.)

- Horizontal (Rolleiflex et al.)

- Perspectivist (Dibbets, Rousse)

Partial. Bounded

- By frame (Cartier-Bresson)

- By Sabatier effect (Man Ray)

- By selective focus (P.H.Emerson)

Measurement

- Photometry (the science of)

- Bertillonnage (Bertillon, anthropologists et al.)

Condensation

- Photomicrography

- 2nd degree micrography (Brewster)

Metonymy

- Eye on end of finger  (detective camera)

- Displacement of retina onto external “eye”: camera obscura inside other objects (18th century)

- Conversion of objects into camerae obscurae (Gila)

Deformation

- By lens (Brandt)

- By large format camera movements

- Circus mirrors (Kertesz)

- Multiple reflections(Vortography, A.L.Coburn)

- Controlled mirror bending (Bury)

- Onometric Co-ordinates (Chapman, computer converted by G.Moguérou)

Space