André-Adolphe-Eugène DISDÉRI (1819-1889)

CONSTRAINT : minimal negative size for portrait + maximal client turnover. From the client's point of view the constraint was simply x = y, where x = client of any social standing whatsoever, and y = portrait of a bourgeois.

INVENTION : the carte-de-visite (1858).

WORKS : millions of cartes the world over.